The fall from grace of the failed two-state solution proposed by the 2002 Arab Peace Initiative and its replacement with the 2022 Hashemite Kingdom of Palestine solution has left United Nations (UN) and European Union (EU) policies in total disarray.

On September 18, 2023–High Representative/Vice-President of the EU–Josep Borrell–faced the media–after what was termed a ‘Peace Day Effort’ Ministerial-level meeting held on the sidelines of the Annual Meeting of the UN General Assembly–to report: